Soil erosion problem in the Rwandz River Basin and ways to address it

Abstract

Soil erosion is one of the biggest environmental problems facing an important natural resource as soil. Soil erosion regards as the main reason of soil degradation of all kinds, due to excessive human pressure to meet their needs as well as lack of resource monitoring during agricultural operations so as other human activities. This study aims to determine the amount of soil erosion in the Rwandz River Basin between the years (2005-2022), in order to achieve the goal, despite relying on the Douglas equation, the equation was modified through several steps within (Arc Gis10.8.2) program to include the slope and vegetation factors as two additional indicators to the equation.  The study concluded that the volume of erosion increased in the river basin, so that about (47000/m3) of the basin soil was eroded between the years (2005-2010). However, the amount of eroded soil increased to more than (92000/m3) during the years (2017-2022) which is about twice the volume of soil erosion in the first period.