The impact of the Crusades on the cultural and scientific aspects of Europeans and Muslims. Twejer Journal, Soran, Kurdistan regional Government,Iraq, v. 7, n. 1, p. 565–599, 2024. DOI: 10.31918/twejer.2471.20. Disponível em: https://journals.soran.edu.iq/index.php/Twejer/article/view/426. Acesso em: 14 اکتبر. 2026.