Demographics and family structure of the victims of Violence against women: A Field Study in Women’s Shelters in the KRI

Abstract

Domestic violence is a worldwide problem, especially where cultural and societal norms contribute meaningfully to its perseverance. In the Kurdistan region, the shelters serve as a safe place for those women fleeing violence, but so far, the social, economic, cultural factors leading them to search for protection and remain unexplored. The study examines the social and demographic influences that prompt women in Kurdish region to seek shelter. The study is based on a quantitative method, using questionnaire in Erbil, Dohuk and Sulaimani Shelters. Research questionnaires were conducted with 69 females whom reside in shelters from June 4 to August 28, 2022, with analysis performed using SPSS software. The study revealed socio-economic and demographic factors contributing to domestic violence against women in the KRI. Explicitly, young women, who have limited or low level of educational backgrounds, are housewives, come from moderate-income households, or come from rural background, or from a migrated family, are more vulnerable to domestic violence. The study emphasized how personal identity, social control, educational achievement, and financial independence show key roles in women's exposure to violence. The findings indicate that social and cultural pressures are the main causes to Domestic violence in the KRI. The study calls on the Kurdistan Regional Government to focus on education, family intervention, implementing law, and providing the necessary support for women in need.