The moral contents in the wills of the Rightly Guided Caliphs and their princes - the Caliph of Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq (11-13 AH / 632-634 AD) as a model- a historical and analytical study

چکیده

The Rightly Guided (Rashidin) Caliphs and their commanders provided many recommendations and directives to the Islamic armies, especially during their mobilization and sending them to conquests and battles, whether in Iraq or the Levant. Also to the Muslims during some important historical events that occurred during the Rightly Guided era.
The Caliph Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq, “may God be pleased with him” (11-13 AH / 632-634 AD), provided many recommendations and instructions to many of his leaders, including Osama bin (son of) Zaid and others, Likewise, the general Muslims received many recommendations and directives after the death of the prophet (peace be upon him). Likewise, some leaders and commanders of the Islamic armies carried out the commandment of Caliph Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq himself, including Commander Khalid bin Saeed.
These numerous commandments and instructions included important moral contents that later became a constitution and a path followed by Muslims in their lives and their dealings with others. These moral contents also became a rule and law that Islamic armies followed during conquests and battles. Therefore, the research focused on these moral implications, explaining and clarifying them, especially for the period (11-13 AH/632-634 AD) of The Rightly Guided era