National trade policy and its impact on international trade

Abstract

Iraq's trade policy has varied and differed over the decades, depending on the prevailing political approach of each period. It has differed significantly and fundamentally between before and after 2003. This research aims to shed light on the most important developments in trade policy and its essential tools for openness to international trade. Policies vary between free and restricted trade, and the delay in developing relevant legislation will significantly impact the reality of trade, both domestically and internationally. It is essential to confront unfair competition, combat trade dumping, and focus on importing basic and primary goods, not all consumer goods, which can lead to flooding the market. It is essential that relevant authorities meet the requirements for accession to the World Trade Organization and implement relevant legislation, such as the Export Support Law and the National Product Protection Law, to a greater extent.